Pedigree Chart, Pedigree
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Pedigree Chart, Pedigree
Breeding * Pedigree chart, a document to record ancestry, used by genealogists in study of human family lines, and in selective breeding of other animals ** Pedigree, a human genealogy (ancestry chart) ** Pedigree (animal), a breed registry *** Purebred, or "pedigreed" animal with a recorded lineage Brands and companies * Pedigree Dolls & Toys, British toy company that produced Sindy dolls * Pedigree Petfoods, a company that manufactures pet food * Marston's Pedigree, an English ale Other uses * ''Pedigree'' (novel), an autobiographical novel by Georges Simenon * The Pedigree (professional wrestling), a finishing maneuver in professional wrestling made famous by Triple H *''Pedigree'', a memoir by Patrick Modiano *Provenance Provenance () is the chronology of the ownership, custody or location of a historical object. The term was originally mostly used in relation to works of art, but is now used in similar senses in a wide range of fields, including archaeology, p ...
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Pedigree Chart
A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the occurrence of certain traits through different generations of a family, most commonly for humans, show dogs, and race horses. Definition The word pedigree is a corruption of the Anglo-Norman French ''pé de grue'' or "crane's foot", either because the typical lines and split lines (each split leading to different offspring of the one parent line) resemble the thin leg and foot of a Crane (bird), crane or because such a mark was used to denote succession in pedigree charts. A pedigree results in the presentation of family information in the form of an easily readable chart. It can be simply called a "family tree". Pedigrees use a standardized set of symbols, squares represent males and circles represent females. Pedigree construction is a family history, and details about an earlier generation may be uncertain as memories fade. If the sex of the person is unknown, a diamond is used. Someone with the phenotype (trait) in question is repre ...
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Genealogy
Genealogy () is the study of families, family history, and the tracing of their lineages. Genealogists use oral interviews, historical records, genetic analysis, and other records to obtain information about a family and to demonstrate kinship and pedigrees of its members. The results are often displayed in charts or written as narratives. The field of family history is broader than genealogy, and covers not just lineage but also family and community history and biography. The record of genealogical work may be presented as a "genealogy", a "family history", or a " family tree". In the narrow sense, a "genealogy" or a " family tree" traces the descendants of one person, whereas a "family history" traces the ancestors of one person, but the terms are often used interchangeably. A family history may include additional biographical information, family traditions, and the like. The pursuit of family history and origins tends to be shaped by several motives, including the des ...
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Pedigree (animal)
A breed registry, also known as a herdbook, studbook or register, in animal husbandry, the hobby of animal fancy, is an official list of animals within a specific breed whose parents are known. Animals are usually registered by their breeders while they are young. The terms studbook and register are also used to refer to lists of male animals "standing at stud", that is, those animals actively breeding, as opposed to every known specimen of that breed. Such registries usually issue certificates for each recorded animal, called a pedigree, pedigreed animal documentation, or most commonly, an animal's "papers". Registration papers may consist of a simple certificate or a listing of ancestors in the animal's background, sometimes with a chart showing the lineage. Types of registries There are breed registries and breed clubs for several species of animal, such as dogs, horses, cows and cats. The ''European Association of Zoos and Aquaria'' (EAZA) and the US '' Association of Zoo ...
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Purebred
Purebreds are cultivars of an animal species achieved through the process of selective breeding. When the lineage of a purebred animal is recorded, that animal is said to be pedigreed. Purebreds breed true-to-type, which means the progeny of like-to-like purebred parents will carry the same phenotype, or observable characteristics of the parents. A group of like purebreds is called a pure-breeding line or strain. True breeding In the world of selective animal breeding, to "breed true" means that specimens of an animal breed will breed true-to-type when mated like-to-like; that is, that the progeny of any two individuals of the same breed will show fairly consistent, replicable and predictable characteristics, or traits with sufficiently high heritability. A puppy from two purebred dogs of the same breed, for example, will exhibit the traits of its parents, and not the traits of all breeds in the subject breed's ancestry. Breeding from too small a gene pool, especially direct ...
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Pedigree Dolls & Toys
Pedigree Dolls & Toys, also known as Pedigree Toys, is a toy company located in Exeter, England. Best known for launching the Sindy doll in 1963, Pedigree also produced the Tommy Gunn action figure from 1966 to 1968. The Sindy doll was very popular from the 1960s to 1980s, and accounted for 80% of Pedigree's sales. Pedigree was a subsidiary of Lines Bros, then became a subsidiary of Dunbee-Combex-Marx. After Dunbee's collapse in 1980, Pedigree and several other Dunbee subsidiaries moved to the holding company Tamwade. In March 1982, Pedigree closed its factory in Wellingborough, Northamptonshire. After running at a loss in 1985, it was rumoured that Tonka and Hasbro were preparing takeover bids for Pedigree, which did not eventuate. Instead, Hasbro bought the rights to the Sindy doll in 1986, but returned the rights to Pedigree in 1998 after sales of the doll declined. Sindy was licensed to Vivid Imaginations Vivid Imaginations is a British toy manufacturer, distributor an ...
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Pedigree Petfoods
Pedigree Petfoods is a subsidiary of the American group Mars Inc. specializing in pet food, with factories in England at Melton Mowbray and Birstall, Leeds; and offices at McLean, Virginia. History In 1934, Mars Limited, a division of the large American confectionery company, that had been based in Slough since 1932, acquired Chappel Brothers in Manchester. This company took low-quality meat and canned it as dog food, branded as "Chappie".Hudson, Kenneth: Industrial history from the air, Cambridge University Press 1984 New dog food brands Pal and Lassie were introduced during the 1950s.Mars Petcare
Mars United Kingdom (retrieved 17 Oct 2011)


Mars Inc.

In 1968, Mars took over Kal Kan Foods of

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Marston's Pedigree
Carlsberg Britvic is a British subsidiary of Carlsberg Group, created in January 2025 by the merger of Carlsberg's UK business (including the former Marston's plc breweries) and Britvic, acquired by Carlsberg Group in 2024. History In 2020, Marston's plc merged its brewing business with Carlsberg UK (the United Kingdom arm of Carlsberg Group), in a joint venture valued at £780m. Marston's took a 40% stake and received up to £273m in cash. The deal involved Marston's six breweries and distribution depots, but not its 1,400 pubs. The merger was approved by the Competition and Markets Authority on 9 October 2020. In 2024, Marston's sold their 40% share in CMBC to Carlsberg for £206m in order to focus on running the pub business. The deal to acquire Marston's 40% stake in CMBC was completed on 21 July 2024. Carlsberg then bought the soft drinks company Britvic for £3.3bn, merging it into a single company called Carlsberg Britvic in January 2025. Operations Beers The company ...
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Pedigree (novel)
''Pedigree '' is an autobiographical novel by the Belgian author Georges Simenon, first published in 1948. Simenon described the work as "a book in which everything is true but nothing is accurate." It presents a fictionalised account of the author's childhood in Liège, Belgium, from the start of the twentieth century to the end of World War I.Becker, Lucille Frackman. ''Georges Simenon''. it Portr.(1. Print.). United States, Twayne Publishers, 1977. 29. An English translation by Robert Baldick was first published in the United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ... in 1962. Baldick's original translation was reissued by New York Review Books Classics in 2010 with an introduction by Luc Sante. References 1948 Belgian novels French-language novel ...
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The Pedigree (professional Wrestling)
A facebuster, also known as a faceplant, is a takedown move in professional wrestling in which an attacking wrestler forces their opponent down to the mat face-first without involving a headlock or facelock. A standard facebuster, also known as a jumping facebuster, involves the wrestler grabbing hold of the opponent's head/hair and dropping down to their knees, forcing the opponent's face into the mat. Variants Argentine facebuster The attacking wrestler places an opponent in an Argentine backbreaker rack, where the opponent is held face-up across both the shoulders of the wrestler. From here the wrestler falls sideways (towards the side where the opponent's head is held) while still holding the opponent's head with one arm and flipping the opponent's legs over with the other, driving them down to the mat face-first. WWE wrestler Bianca Belair uses this move and calls it the ''Kiss of Death (K.O.D)''. Belly-to-back inverted mat slam From a position in which the opponen ...
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Patrick Modiano
Jean Patrick Modiano (; born 30 July 1945), generally known as Patrick Modiano, is a French novelist and recipient of the 2014 Nobel Prize in Literature. He is a noted writer of autofiction, the blend of autobiography and historical fiction. In more than 40 books, Modiano has used his fascination with the human experience of World War II in France to examine individual and collective identities, responsibilities, loyalties, memory, and loss. Because of his obsession with the past, he is sometimes compared to Marcel Proust. Modiano's works have been translated into more than 30 languages and have been celebrated in and around France, but most of his novels had not been translated into English before he was awarded the Nobel Prize. Modiano previously won the 2012 Austrian State Prize for European Literature, the 2010 Prix mondial Cino Del Duca from the Institut de France for lifetime achievement, the 1978 Prix Goncourt for '' Rue des boutiques obscures'', and the 1972 Grand ...
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